A gay old time in the animal kingdomHomosexual behaviour is widespread amongst animals, according to a Norwegian museum. But what does this prove for us humans?"How can it be that, in the year 2006, a major university would host such homophobic and cruel experiments? ... I respectfully ask that you pull the plug on this appalling and misguided research. Surely you can find a way to redirect the millions of public tax dollars that are being wasted on these experiments to a more fruitful venture -- perhaps by funding a gay and lesbian community centre to foster dialogue and acceptance for people of all sexual preferences?"This is Martina's beef. As a vegetarian and a lesbian, she fears that people will no longer think that homosexuality is hard-wired if gay rams can be reprogrammed. The "insidious implication" is that homosexuality in humans can be cured. Her contention is that it is "natural". She has been supported in this by Norway’s National History Museum. This hitherto obscure institution has been featured around the world because of its unique photographic exhibit, called "Against Nature?" The world's first museum exhibition dedicated to gay animals, it "proves" that that homosexual behaviour is not a "crime against nature". Homosexuality, it claims, "has been observed in most vertebrate groups, and also from insects, spiders, crustaceans, octopi and parasitic worms. The phenomenon has been reported from more than 1500 animal species, and is well documented for 500 of them, but the real extent is probably much higher." Despite some protests, school children are getting guided tours. For anyone who has a traditional view of sexuality, these images, are, admittedly, rather confronting. If animals engage in sexual activity for non-reproductive reasons how can the link between the unitive and procreative ends of human sexual intercourse be maintained as a fact of nature? However, the answer is easier than it might seem at first blush. Homo sapiens is an animal, but not merely an animal. We have a lot in common with parasitic worms, but there are some differences, too. Our bodily nature is subject to intellectual direction. A human being unites the intellectual and the corporeal, what is rational and what is animal. We get a distorted picture of man when we focus on one aspect to the exclusion of the other. They can never be separated. Interpersonal relations which are truly human cannot be reduced to physical sensations of pleasure or pain. Anyone who chooses to behave in that way is rightly called an animal. When he acts like a sex-obsessed parasitic worm, he becomes less than human. This is the fallacy underpinning the Norwegian exhibition. Its logic can be expressed as follows: Homosexual behaviour is observable in animals.Now try extending this argument to other aspects of human life. Animals don't take care of the elderly -- should that lead us to close down nursing homes? Cannibalism can be observed among animals -- should we sell unwanted babies as sausage filling? Most people would say that we shouldn't. Humans are different. And let's take a closer look at the word "unnatural". Are homosexual acts an intrinsic part of an animal’s nature? The Museum’s zoologists are prepared to stick their neck out and say they are, at least for giraffes. The reasons why male giraffes behave this way are not well understood, but they are certainly not the fruit of conscious, rational decisions. The behaviour of animals is largely governed by stimuli and instinct; they lack the human linguistic ability to be able to "talk through" their emotions. But humans can keep their desires in check and even train them into virtues. Amongst animals, stimuli can lead to unusual behaviour. Tomcats kill their kittens after receiving “mixed signals”. The hunting instinct is so strong and so hard to switch off that dismemberment and even snacking on their own kittens may ensue. Similarly, the strength of the sexual instinct leads to some quite odd behaviour if it does not have a normal outlet. However zoologists may decide to classify such stray behaviour in animals, human reaction to sexual stimuli involves a good deal of channelling and self-control. Amongst animals, sex can serve a purpose other than reproduction, such as diffusing tension in social situations. Humans accomplish the same thing with handshakes and smiles. If they were to behave like bonobos in their workplace, there would be a torrent of sexual harassment suits. According to some zoologist, dolphins pack rape. Is that "Against Nature?" Not for dolphins maybe, but it sure is for rational beings. Due to our rational nature comparisons with non-rational animals collapse at the level of interpersonal relationships. Even at the level of biology, human rationality must be taken into consideration. Humans choose to follow hormonally fuelled drives; sheep have no choice about it. Martina Navratilova and her Norwegian fellow travellers are on shaky philosophical ground if they want to use animals as human role models. Richard Umbers lectures in philosophy in Sydney. |
relatedarticlesmorebythisauthorfreeupdates |
Comments (25)
Carolina said...Thak you for your explanation, your argument makes sense, but it is still a bit weak...more examples or more data (facts)would help make your point even stronger). Thank you though !
Canada | Friday, 18 May 2007 at 12:55 am
abolishsexchangesurgeries said...I too believe in animal welfare. I do want to say that Martina Navratilova is selective. She protests trying to make sheep straight yet I haven’t heard her protest sex change surgeries which were initially done on animals. If Martina Navratilova truly cares about animals, then she must decry sex change surgeries-a sad wastage of science. As noted, transexuality is worse than homosexuality.
As the article says, using animal behavior as a guide to humans is a bad idea, because rape & cannibalism have also been found among animals. Homo&lesbian;activities are medically harmful & scientists must find a cure for these harmful sexual activities. I would like to know what the rates of Venereal Disease (VD) are among gay sheep & Bonobos-formerly Dwarf or Gypsy chimpanzee? Given that they’re promiscous & don’t use condoms, I would imagine that the rates of VD is high among gay animals & it wouldn’t surprise me if many die them of syphilis.
It’s either missionary sex or no sex. Let’s end the blind faith which surrounds the topic of homosexuality.
United States | Thursday, 26 July 2007 at 8:31 am
abolishsexchangesurgeries said...After my last post I looked @ Martina Navratilova’s website http://www.martinanavratilova.com to see what charities she gives money to. She gives money to animal rights group PETA & to environmental groups. Martina Navratilova also gives money for AIDS research & breast cancer research.
It must be noted that AIDS & breast cancer research involves lab experiments on animals which Martina Navratilova opposes. Martina Navratilova has to make up her mind. If she is against lab experiments on animals then she must also oppose using animals in AIDS & breast cancer research. Animals die cruel deaths here. The press really should stop giving serious attention to what most celebrities such as former tennis star Martina Navratilova says.
United States | Thursday, 26 July 2007 at 8:45 am
Rebecca Reddoch said...In the June, 2007 Discover, in the article, “Is There a Gay Gene,” geneticist Sven Bocklandt asks “Why does a crocodile recognize the opposite sex and want to f**k?” A better place to start might be “why does a crocodile recognize its own species and want to f**k?”
( http://discovermagazine.com/2007/jun/born-gay)
The well known phenomenon of sexual imprinting across species in birds and in mammals is the appropriate place to start any research into what drives our choice of love objects. Imprinted turkeys will actually court humans. At Babraham in Cambridge, cross fostered male sheep will choose to mate with female goats 90% of the time. What’s going on? Brain shaping due to environment. Neuro-ethologist H.-J. Bischof’s research gives clues as to how this happens. During an early life critical period, a cross fostered finch brain shows gene activation related to dendritic changes. At maturity most these birds, too, will choose to mate with their adoptive species.
Do humans imprint? Obviously, its hard to test. But sparse, yet plausible accounts of feral children indicate a brain shaping early in life so permanent as to preclude abandoning an animal identity. Jedlicka (1980) demonstrated sexual imprinting based on the skin color of he opposite sex parent in a study in Hawaii. “Two thirds of marriages were to the ethnicity of the opposite rather than same-sexed parent.” While more studies are needed, I’m doubtful that this was genetic. Evolution conserves effective designs.
Bocklandt is right when he states, “there are limits to what you can code on a genome,” but he fails to fully comprehend that genes download only a rough outline that is filled in by the environment through experience of early life attachments. It is this nurture process that explains sexual imprinting across species, yet favors conspecific breeding and it is primarily nurture that also lies at the heart of homosexual attractions.
United States | Friday, 27 July 2007 at 3:18 am
Rebecca Reddoch said...An abbreviated version of the previous post was published in Discover Magazines August 2007 issue. The editors worked with me to shorten the previous post.
-- | Friday, 27 July 2007 at 3:21 am
Rebecca Reddoch said...The following is another unpublished letter authored by me and an associate in response to the Discover magazine article referenced above:
In “Born Gay?,” Bogaert presents data showing younger
brothers as more likely to be gay. He then naively
believes that since the effect holds for brothers
raised apart that this negates any environmental
influence and confirms the presence of some unknown
intrauterine influence.
When you stop to think about the scenarios giving
rise to brothers raised separately, environmental
influences come to mind. Usually separation of
siblings involves a divorce scenario where emotions
run high. Likely, the child with the mother will be
the younger of the boys and the older boy will go with
dad. Wouldn’t that cement the older boy’s identity
with father? Wouldn’t the older boy living with
father eventually give rise to feelings of rejection
in the younger boy? Perhaps the mother would become
over attached to her remaining son to compensate for
the separation from the older child. These likely
scenarios paint the exact relationships that
supporters of the nurture argument describe as
contributing to homosexuality.
Whether it is nature or nurture, gays do not
appear to have chosen their sexuality. Sven Bockland
may see a bigger issue in sexual reproduction, but
millions of gay men and women and parents do care
about the issue of why they are gay and deserve the
best answer science can provide. This isn’t it.
United States | Friday, 27 July 2007 at 4:26 am
Jeremy Eskelsen said...LOL! Referencing anything to showing that homosexuality exists in the animal kingdom is only ever used by us homo’s in reference to conservative right wing bigots saying “It’s not natural...” Yes… It is… Because it happens in more than just humans… People saying there is some consious decision to be hated, and have a more diffuclt life because of it. Yes, some people DO choose to be gay, because it makes them happy. Some people find this is the way they always felt. What does it matter? It’s not hurting you. Eating children, and throwing away babies hurts people. Me choosing to spend my life with another man doesn’t impact you in the slightest, no matter how you argue that it hurt anything. Love is love. This “article” has no basis other than bigotry and hatred.
United States | Saturday, 28 July 2007 at 5:43 am
thom319 said...One is attracted to what one lacks. If a man is attracted to a man (and woman to another woman), it’s that they somehow feel and sense that they are not man (or woman) enough and want to ‘join’ with that. Homosexual acts will not cure that unfortunate lack. If the majority of gays would spend more time on their repressed masculinity or femininity (and repressed maturation as well for that matter, however painful it might be), they would find an enlarged sense of life than what they currently have now.
United States | Tuesday, 31 July 2007 at 2:38 am
Buffo the clown said...As everyone knows, the VD rates for gay animals would be nearly as high as they are for heterosexual male college students raised by single parents, probably more than 90%.
And no one denies that those gay people have been destroying and undermining heterosexual marriage as an institution for thousands of years.
Let’s be honest: what gay person wouldn’t want thom319’s “enlarged sense of life,” even if no one shares his exact life? Or values? Or experiences? If only those gays could be as unrepressed in their maturation as thom319 and the rest of us are.
United States | Thursday, 2 August 2007 at 8:48 pm
Maree said...Well, how do you explain a man married for 21 years who leaves his wife and family to go to a gay lifestyle after having sex with whoever he meets on the internet. By his own admission, he met with anyone he could find and had unprotected sex and had no qualms about coming home and possibly passing on whatever he had caught to his family. Normal? Natural? Go for it thomo319, you are spot on. Jeremy E, you say it hurts no-one, well you try explaining this behaviour to a 17 year old youth when Dad walks out to go and live with his boyfriend. Martina Navratilova has her own agenda, she should stick to what she does best and that is play tennis.
Australia | Friday, 3 August 2007 at 9:18 pm
thom319 said...Funny how when one is worked up into the frenzy of their (mis)understanding they read into something things which are clearly not there.
For example, Maree claims I’m a ‘homo’ just because my comment is in between two pro-homosexual comments. Maree should learn to spend more time actually reading instead of conjecturing what I said. Further, Buffo the Clown (acting his part) claims to have insight into my life, values, and experiences without making any coherent point. Buffo(on) the Clown is more concerned with infantile and subtle personal attacks as a knee-jerk reaction.
My point however is quite coherent. The psychology of sexual attraction has been too overlooked for too long. Infantilism, regression, the ‘mid-life crisis’, and abnormal relations with the shadow and the anima (just to name a few) all have influences into the psyche’s perception of sex. Mainstream society would just rather say that our lives revolve around fixed genetics as that vaporizes any sense of real responsibility. Maybe this is also why we are so out of touch with deeper instincts that our physical health suffers. We turn to pills and medications to “cure” problems which were simply caused by poor behavior, choices and habits.
In psychoanalytic theory, the psyche is viewed as a self-regulating system. Homosexuality, as far as the psyche is concerned, follows the same rules of general sexuality - joining with the opposite in ecstatic union. In confusing the metaphor with reality we miss the point that the opposite is already contained within, although in a repressed and unconscious state. It is by coming to terms with what is contained within the unconscious that we are given that enlarged sense of life that I mentioned in my earlier post. This is achieved by endless integration through conscious work resulting in an ever unfolding of the personality. This is similar to the religious symbol of Buddha sitting in the center of the lotus which continuously unfolds and unfolds.
United States | Monday, 6 August 2007 at 9:25 am
Maree said...You have misunderstood my comment thomo319. I totally agree with your comments and did not call you a ‘homo’. Your comment clearly gives quite the opposite indication regarding your sexuality. My ex hated his father and in the 6 years since his father died has never grieved or visited his grave, yet to all intents and purposes he outwardly loved his father. That is why he went looking for a man to fill his void. If only he had faced what he had perceived he didn’t have, then the outcome may have been a lot different. HOmosexuality is not genetic from any research I have read and it’s time the gay and lesbian community were stopped in spreading this propaganda about their condition before mainsteam society is diseased by it.
Australia | Monday, 6 August 2007 at 9:56 pm
thom319 said...Maree, hi. So I misunderstood your reply but it was only because you spelt my name as Thomo319, not Thom319. I thought you were making a snide joke and it was only after I posted my last comment that I read your comment again, and saw that you were talking about a personal event with your ex-husband.
At any rate, the account you describe regarding your ex-husband is a relatively common occurrence in response to what is colloquially known as the “mid-life crisis”. The time when our sun has ceased rising and can only now begin it’s descent in our lives. It’s an existential issue. Although personally, I’m 33 and I have yet to personally experience what it intrinsically feels like to know full well that my life is half over, I believe I have a decent grasp at its stark sense of fear. I also have had three friends in which their fathers suddenly decided that they were gay in their late 40’s or early 50’s and jumped ship. Simply put it’s an act of regression and a symbolic attempt at returning backwards to childhood. The shadow is also a source of unlived potential which not intrinsically bad.
Childhood is the time of the formation of our shadow. The shadow sort of stands in stark contrast to what we hold as our conscious personality and is the “left over” qualities that remain behind and get relegated to our unconscious. It’s also no coincidence that many have these images of imaginary friends at the same time during the early formation of our personality - it’s shadow play. The shadow always is of the same sex as the individual and will appear as such in dreams but with contrasting qualities.
Maree, I’ll continue in my next comment as there is a word limit to comments posted here.
United States | Tuesday, 7 August 2007 at 2:07 pm
thom319 said...To continue,
Although I personally believe that it is a mistake to cast any sort of ethical or moralistic judgment on homosexuals, I will say that the way your ex handled his situation was very irresponsible to say the least. Homosexuality, like everything else under the sun has no singular cause but is a culmination and an intersection of several factors resulting in a singular effect. Genetics ‘could’ play an influence as far as personality typology goes.
There is more that I can say here regarding the psychological aspects, but right now I just have returned from work and will be going to sleep soon.
United States | Tuesday, 7 August 2007 at 2:23 pm
Corinne said...I have just been reading excerpts on line from “Growth Into Manhood” by Mederling (I think that is his name-he is the director of Exodus Int’l in Maryland, of the USA.) I am so excited to be reading these profound materials. He talks about what thom 319 mentioned: the homosexual’s search for ‘otherness’ when he feels like parts of his masculinity are missing or just not there. I feel like I am finally beginning to understand a little bit more about homosexuality. What I need to know is how to really befriend a homosexual person. I find it easier to be friends with homosexual men - I like their sensitivity (I am a woman) love of the artistic, etc. I feel I could still use some pointers on being a good friend to a homosexual man. I find it harder to relate to lesbians. I had a friend I was trying to relate to and befriend, but she let me know she was attracted to me, and I was ‘out of there in a New York second’. I regret my knee-jerk ‘run response’, I know she is miserable, lonely, had a terrible alcoholic, poverty-loaded childhood, but that was more than I could deal with. Does anyone have any suggestions on how to be a better friend, point them toward resources that can help them, or whatever. I am a Christian. I point people to the Bible and to Jesus, but I never want to make a person feel like they can’t approach our Father God for help through Jesus. I want them to sense that I love them and care about them and want to be their friend, because I do.
United States | Wednesday, 8 August 2007 at 5:13 pm
Page 1 of 2 : 1 2 >